中华人民共和国对外关系法

目    录

第一章  总    则

第二章  对外关系的职权

第三章  发展对外关系的目标任务

第四章  对外关系的制度

第五章  发展对外关系的保障

第六章  附    则

第一章 总    则

第一条  为了发展对外关系，维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，维护和发展人民利益，建设社会主义现代化强国，实现中华民族伟大复兴，促进世界和平与发展，推动构建人类命运共同体，根据宪法，制定本法。

第二条  中华人民共和国发展同各国的外交关系和经济、文化等各领域的交流与合作，发展同联合国等国际组织的关系，适用本法。

第三条  中华人民共和国坚持以马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观、习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，发展对外关系，促进友好交往。

第四条  中华人民共和国坚持独立自主的和平外交政策，坚持互相尊重主权和领土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉内政、平等互利、和平共处的五项原则。

中华人民共和国坚持和平发展道路，坚持对外开放基本国策，奉行互利共赢开放战略。

中华人民共和国遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则，维护世界和平与安全，促进全球共同发展，推动构建新型国际关系；主张以和平方式解决国际争端，反对在国际关系中使用武力或者以武力相威胁，反对霸权主义和强权政治；坚持国家不分大小、强弱、贫富一律平等，尊重各国人民自主选择的发展道路和社会制度。

第五条  中华人民共和国对外工作坚持中国共产党的集中统一领导。

第六条  国家机关和武装力量、各政党和各人民团体、企业事业组织和其他社会组织以及公民，在对外交流合作中有维护国家主权、安全、尊严、荣誉、利益的责任和义务。

第七条  国家鼓励积极开展民间对外友好交流合作。

对在对外交流合作中做出突出贡献者，按照国家有关规定给予表彰和奖励。

第八条  任何组织和个人违反本法和有关法律，在对外交往中从事损害国家利益活动的，依法追究法律责任。

第二章  对外关系的职权

第九条  中央外事工作领导机构负责对外工作的决策和议事协调，研究制定、指导实施国家对外战略和有关重大方针政策，负责对外工作的顶层设计、统筹协调、整体推进、督促落实。

第十条  全国人民代表大会及其常务委员会批准和废除同外国缔结的条约和重要协定，行使宪法和法律规定的对外关系职权。

全国人民代表大会及其常务委员会积极开展对外交往，加强同各国议会、国际和地区议会组织的交流与合作。

第十一条  中华人民共和国主席代表中华人民共和国，进行国事活动，行使宪法和法律规定的对外关系职权。

第十二条  国务院管理对外事务，同外国缔结条约和协定，行使宪法和法律规定的对外关系职权。

第十三条  中央军事委员会组织开展国际军事交流与合作，行使宪法和法律规定的对外关系职权。

第十四条  中华人民共和国外交部依法办理外交事务，承办党和国家领导人同外国领导人的外交往来事务。外交部加强对国家机关各部门、各地区对外交流合作的指导、协调、管理、服务。

中央和国家机关按照职责分工，开展对外交流合作。

第十五条  中华人民共和国驻外国的使馆、领馆以及常驻联合国和其他政府间国际组织的代表团等驻外外交机构对外代表中华人民共和国。

外交部统一领导驻外外交机构的工作。

第十六条  省、自治区、直辖市根据中央授权在特定范围内开展对外交流合作。

省、自治区、直辖市人民政府依职权处理本行政区域的对外交流合作事务。

第三章  发展对外关系的目标任务

第十七条  中华人民共和国发展对外关系，坚持维护中国特色社会主义制度，维护国家主权、统一和领土完整，服务国家经济社会发展。

第十八条  中华人民共和国推动践行全球发展倡议、全球安全倡议、全球文明倡议，推进全方位、多层次、宽领域、立体化的对外工作布局。

中华人民共和国促进大国协调和良性互动，按照亲诚惠容理念和与邻为善、以邻为伴方针发展同周边国家关系，秉持真实亲诚理念和正确义利观同发展中国家团结合作，维护和践行多边主义，参与全球治理体系改革和建设。

第十九条  中华人民共和国维护以联合国为核心的国际体系，维护以国际法为基础的国际秩序，维护以联合国宪章宗旨和原则为基础的国际关系基本准则。

中华人民共和国坚持共商共建共享的全球治理观，参与国际规则制定，推动国际关系民主化，推动经济全球化朝着开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢方向发展。

第二十条  中华人民共和国坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的全球安全观，加强国际安全合作，完善参与全球安全治理机制。

中华人民共和国履行联合国安全理事会常任理事国责任，维护国际和平与安全，维护联合国安全理事会权威与地位。

中华人民共和国支持和参与联合国安全理事会授权的维持和平行动，坚持维持和平行动基本原则，尊重主权国家领土完整与政治独立，保持公平立场。

中华人民共和国维护国际军备控制、裁军与防扩散体系，反对军备竞赛，反对和禁止一切形式的大规模杀伤性武器相关扩散活动，履行相关国际义务，开展防扩散国际合作。

第二十一条  中华人民共和国坚持公平普惠、开放合作、全面协调、创新联动的全球发展观，促进经济、社会、环境协调可持续发展和人的全面发展。

第二十二条  中华人民共和国尊重和保障人权，坚持人权的普遍性原则同本国实际相结合，促进人权全面协调发展，在平等和相互尊重的基础上开展人权领域国际交流与合作，推动国际人权事业健康发展。

第二十三条  中华人民共和国主张世界各国超越国家、民族、文化差异，弘扬和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由的全人类共同价值。

第二十四条  中华人民共和国坚持平等、互鉴、对话、包容的文明观，尊重文明多样性，推动不同文明交流对话。

第二十五条  中华人民共和国积极参与全球环境气候治理，加强绿色低碳国际合作，共谋全球生态文明建设，推动构建公平合理、合作共赢的全球环境气候治理体系。

第二十六条  中华人民共和国坚持推进高水平对外开放，发展对外贸易，积极促进和依法保护外商投资，鼓励开展对外投资等对外经济合作，推动共建“一带一路”高质量发展，维护多边贸易体制，反对单边主义和保护主义，推动建设开放型世界经济。

第二十七条  中华人民共和国通过经济、技术、物资、人才、管理等方式开展对外援助，促进发展中国家经济发展和社会进步，增强其自主可持续发展能力，推动国际发展合作。

中华人民共和国开展国际人道主义合作和援助，加强防灾减灾救灾国际合作，协助有关国家应对人道主义紧急状况。

中华人民共和国开展对外援助坚持尊重他国主权，不干涉他国内政，不附加任何政治条件。

第二十八条  中华人民共和国根据发展对外关系的需要，开展教育、科技、文化、卫生、体育、社会、生态、军事、安全、法治等领域交流合作。

第四章  对外关系的制度

第二十九条  国家统筹推进国内法治和涉外法治，加强涉外领域立法，加强涉外法治体系建设。

第三十条  国家依照宪法和法律缔结或者参加条约和协定，善意履行有关条约和协定规定的义务。

国家缔结或者参加的条约和协定不得同宪法相抵触。

第三十一条  国家采取适当措施实施和适用条约和协定。

条约和协定的实施和适用不得损害国家主权、安全和社会公共利益。

第三十二条  国家在遵守国际法基本原则和国际关系基本准则的基础上，加强涉外领域法律法规的实施和适用，并依法采取执法、司法等措施，维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，保护中国公民、组织合法权益。

第三十三条  对于违反国际法和国际关系基本准则，危害中华人民共和国主权、安全、发展利益的行为，中华人民共和国有权采取相应反制和限制措施。

国务院及其部门制定必要的行政法规、部门规章，建立相应工作制度和机制，加强部门协同配合，确定和实施有关反制和限制措施。

依据本条第一款、第二款作出的决定为最终决定。

第三十四条  中华人民共和国在一个中国原则基础上，按照和平共处五项原则同世界各国建立和发展外交关系。

中华人民共和国根据缔结或者参加的条约和协定、国际法基本原则和国际关系基本准则，有权采取变更或者终止外交、领事关系等必要外交行动。

第三十五条  国家采取措施执行联合国安全理事会根据联合国宪章第七章作出的具有约束力的制裁决议和相关措施。

对前款所述制裁决议和措施的执行，由外交部发出通知并予公告。国家有关部门和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府在各自职权范围内采取措施予以执行。

在中国境内的组织和个人应当遵守外交部公告内容和各部门、各地区有关措施，不得从事违反上述制裁决议和措施的行为。

第三十六条  中华人民共和国依据有关法律和缔结或者参加的条约和协定，给予外国外交机构、外国国家官员、国际组织及其官员相应的特权与豁免。

中华人民共和国依据有关法律和缔结或者参加的条约和协定，给予外国国家及其财产豁免。

第三十七条  国家依法采取必要措施，保护中国公民和组织在海外的安全和正当权益，保护国家的海外利益不受威胁和侵害。

国家加强海外利益保护体系、工作机制和能力建设。

第三十八条  中华人民共和国依法保护在中国境内的外国人和外国组织的合法权利和利益。

国家有权准许或者拒绝外国人入境、停留居留，依法对外国组织在境内的活动进行管理。

在中国境内的外国人和外国组织应当遵守中国法律，不得危害中国国家安全、损害社会公共利益、破坏社会公共秩序。

第三十九条  中华人民共和国加强多边双边法治对话，推进对外法治交流合作。

中华人民共和国根据缔结或者参加的条约和协定，或者按照平等互惠原则，同外国、国际组织在执法、司法领域开展国际合作。

国家深化拓展对外执法合作工作机制，完善司法协助体制机制，推进执法、司法领域国际合作。国家加强打击跨国犯罪、反腐败等国际合作。

第五章  发展对外关系的保障

第四十条  国家健全对外工作综合保障体系，增强发展对外关系、维护国家利益的能力。

第四十一条  国家保障对外工作所需经费，建立与发展对外关系需求和国民经济发展水平相适应的经费保障机制。

第四十二条  国家加强对外工作人才队伍建设，采取措施推动做好人才培养、使用、管理、服务、保障等工作。

第四十三条  国家通过多种形式促进社会公众理解和支持对外工作。

第四十四条  国家推进国际传播能力建设，推动世界更好了解和认识中国，促进人类文明交流互鉴。

第六章  附    则

第四十五条  本法自2023年7月1日起施行。

****************************************************************************************************

The Law on Foreign Relations of the People's Republic of China

(Adopted at the Third Meeting of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress on June 28, 2023)

Table of Contents

Chapter I         General Principles

Chapter II        Functions and Powers for the Conduct of Foreign Relations

Chapter III        Goals and Mission of Conducting Foreign Relations

Chapter IV       The System of Foreign Relations

Chapter V        Support for the Conduct of Foreign Relations

Chapter VI        Supplementary Provision

Chapter I

General Principles

Article 1  This Law is enacted pursuant to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China to conduct foreign relations to:

● safeguard China's sovereignty, national security and development interests;
● protect and promote the interests of the Chinese people;
● build China into a great modernized socialist country;
● realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; 
● promote world peace and development; and  
● build a community with a shared future for mankind.

Article 2   This Law shall apply to the conduct by the People's Republic of China  of diplomatic relations with other countries, its exchanges and  cooperation with them in the economic, cultural and other areas, and its  relations with the United Nations and other international  organizations.

Article 3   The People's Republic of China conducts foreign relations and promotes  friendly exchanges under the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong  Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Important Thinking of Three  Represents, the Scientific Outlook on Development and Xi Jinping Thought  on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

Article 4   The People's Republic of China pursues an independent foreign policy of  peace, and observes the five principles of mutual respect for  sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, mutual  non-interference in internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and  peaceful coexistence.

The  People's Republic of China keeps to a path of peaceful development and  adheres to the fundamental policy of opening to the outside world and a  strategy of opening-up for mutual benefit. 

The  People's Republic of China observes the purposes and principles of the  Charter of the United Nations, and endeavors to safeguard world peace  and security, promote global common development, and build a new type of  international relations. It is committed to settling international  disputes by peaceful means and opposes the use of force or threat of  force in international relations, hegemonism and power politics. It  remains true to the principle that all countries are equal regardless of  size, strength or level of development and respects the development  paths and social systems decided upon independently by the people of all  countries.

Article 5   The conduct of foreign relations by the People's Republic of China is  under the centralized and overall leadership of the Communist Party of  China.

Article 6   The State institutions, armed forces, political parties, people's  organizations, enterprises, public institutions, other social  organizations, and citizens have the responsibility and obligation to  safeguard China's sovereignty, national security, dignity, honor and  interests in the course of international exchanges and cooperation.

Article 7  The State encourages friendly people-to-people exchanges and cooperation with foreign countries.

Those  who make outstanding contribution to international exchanges and  cooperation shall be honored and awarded pursuant to applicable  regulations of the State.

Article 8   Any organization or individual who commits acts that are detrimental to  China's national interests in violation of this Law and other  applicable laws in the course of engaging in international exchanges  shall be held accountable by law.

Chapter II

Functions and Powers for the Conduct of Foreign Relations

Article 9   The central leading body for foreign affairs is responsible for policy  making, deliberation and coordination relating to the conduct of foreign  relations. It considers and formulates the State's foreign relations  strategy and related major principles and policies, and provides  guidance for their implementation. It is responsible for top-level  design, coordination and holistic advancement of work concerning foreign  relations, and supervises its implementation.

Article 10   The National People's Congress and its Standing Committee ratify or  denounce treaties and important agreements concluded with other  countries, and exercise functions and powers relating to foreign  relations pursuant to the Constitution and other laws. 

The  National People's Congress and its Standing Committee actively conduct  international exchanges, and strengthen exchanges and cooperation with  parliaments of foreign countries as well as international and regional  parliamentary organizations.

Article 11   The President of the People's Republic of China represents the People's  Republic of China, conducts affairs of state, and exercises functions  and powers relating to foreign relations pursuant to the Constitution  and other laws.

Article 12   The State Council manages foreign affairs, concludes treaties and  agreements with foreign countries, and exercises functions and powers  relating to foreign relations pursuant to the Constitution and other  laws.

Article 13   The Central Military Commission organizes and conducts international  military exchanges and cooperation and exercises functions and powers  relating to foreign relations pursuant to the Constitution and other  laws.

Article 14   The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China  conducts foreign affairs in accordance with the law and undertakes  matters relating to diplomatic exchanges of Party and State leaders with  foreign leaders. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs enhances guidance,  coordination, management and service for international exchanges and  cooperation conducted by other government departments and localities.

Other  central and government departments conduct international exchanges and  cooperation according to their respective scope of responsibilities.

Article 15   Diplomatic missions of the People's Republic of China abroad, including  embassies and consulates in foreign countries as well as permanent  missions to the United Nations and other international intergovernmental  organizations, represent the People's Republic of China abroad.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs exercises overall leadership over the work of Chinese diplomatic missions abroad.

Article 16   Provinces, autonomous regions and cities directly under central  government jurisdiction shall carry out international exchanges and  cooperation within the specific scope of mandate authorized by the  central authorities.

People's  governments of provinces, autonomous regions and cities directly under  central government jurisdiction shall manage matters relating to  international exchanges and cooperation in areas under their  administration in accordance with their functions and powers.

Chapter III

Goals and Mission of Conducting Foreign Relations

Article 17   The People's Republic of China conducts foreign relations to uphold its  system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, safeguard its  sovereignty, unification and territorial integrity, and promote its  economic and social development.

Article 18   The People's Republic of China calls for putting into action the Global  Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global  Civilization Initiative, and endeavors to advance a foreign affairs  agenda on multiple fronts, at different levels, in various areas and of  multiple dimensions.

The  People's Republic of China works to promote coordination and sound  interaction with other major countries and grow relations with its  neighboring countries in accordance with the principle of amity,  sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness and the policy of enhancing  friendship and partnership with its neighbors. Guided by the principle  of sincerity, delivering outcomes, affinity and good faith and the  vision of promoting common good and shared interests, it works to  strengthen solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries.  The People's Republic of China upholds and practices multilateralism and  participates in the reform and development of the global governance  system.

Article 19   The People's Republic of China upholds the international system with  the United Nations at its core, the international order underpinned by  international law, and the fundamental norms governing international  relations based on the purposes and principles of the Charter of the  United Nations.

The  People's Republic of China stays true to the vision of global  governance featuring extensive consultation and joint contribution for  shared benefits. It participates in the development of international  rules, promotes democracy in international relations, and works for  economic globalization that is more open, inclusive, balanced and  beneficial to all.

Article 20   The People's Republic of China stays true to the vision of common,  comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable global security, and  endeavors to strengthen international security cooperation and its  participation in mechanisms of global security governance.

The  People's Republic of China fulfills its responsibilities as a permanent  member of the United Nations Security Council; it is committed to  safeguarding international peace and security and upholding the  authority and stature of the United Nations Security Council.

The  People's Republic of China supports and participates in peacekeeping  operations mandated by the United Nations Security Council, observes the  basic principles of the peacekeeping operations, respects the  territorial integrity and political independence of sovereign countries  concerned, and maintains a position of fairness.

The  People's Republic of China is committed to upholding international  regimes of arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation. It is  against arms race; it opposes and prohibits proliferation of weapons of  mass destruction in any form, fulfills relevant international  obligations, and is engaged in international cooperation on  non-proliferation.

Article 21   The People's Republic of China stays true to the vision of global  development which is equitable, inclusive, open, cooperative,  comprehensive, well-coordinated, innovation-driven and interconnected.  It endeavors to promote coordinated and sustainable development of the  economy, the society and the environment and well-rounded human  development. 

Article 22   The People's Republic of China respects and protects human rights; it  is committed to the principle of universality of human rights and its  observance in light of the realities of countries. The People's Republic  of China promotes comprehensive and coordinated development of all  human rights, carries out international exchanges and cooperation in the  field of human rights on the basis of equality and mutual respect, and  works for the sound development of the global cause of human rights. 

Article 23   The People's Republic of China calls on all countries to rise above  national, ethnic and cultural differences and uphold peace, development,  equity, justice, democracy and freedom, which are common values of  humanity.

Article 24   The People's Republic of China stays true to the vision of equality,  mutual learning, dialogue and inclusiveness among civilizations,  respects diversity of civilizations, and promotes exchanges and dialogue  among civilizations.

Article 25   The People's Republic of China plays an active part in global  environmental and climate governance and endeavors to strengthen  international cooperation on green and low-carbon development; it is  committed to jointly enhancing global ecological conservation and  building a global system of environmental and climate governance that is  fair, equitable, cooperative and beneficial to all.

Article 26   The People's Republic of China is committed to advancing high-standard  opening-up. It develops foreign trade, actively promotes and protects,  in accordance with the law, inbound foreign investment, encourages  external economic cooperation including outbound investment, and  promotes high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative. It is  committed to upholding the multilateral trading system, opposes  unilateralism and protectionism, and works to build an open global  economy.

Article 27   The People's Republic of China provides foreign aid in the form of  economic, technical, material, human resources, management, and other  assistance to boost economic development and social advances of other  developing countries, build up their capacity for sustainable  development, and promote international development cooperation.

The  People's Republic of China carries out international humanitarian  cooperation and assistance, strengthens international cooperation on  disaster prevention, mitigation and relief and helps recipient countries  respond to humanitarian emergencies.

In  providing foreign aid, the People's Republic of China respects the  sovereignty of recipient countries and does not interfere in their  internal affairs or attach any political conditions to its aid.

Article 28   The People's Republic of China carries out, as needed in the conduct of  foreign relations, exchanges and cooperation in educational, science  and technology, cultural, public health, sports, social, ecological,  military, security, the rule of law and other fields.

Chapter IV

The System of Foreign Relations

Article 29   The State advances the rule of law in both domestic and foreign affairs  and strengthens foreign-related legislative work and the system of rule  of law in foreign affairs.

Article 30   The State concludes or accedes to treaties and agreements in accordance  with the Constitution and other laws and fulfills in good faith  obligations stipulated in such treaties and agreements.

Treaties and agreements that the State concludes or accedes to shall not contravene the Constitution.

Article 31  The State takes due measures to implement and apply treaties and agreements to which it is a Party.

The  implementation and application of treaties and agreements shall not  undermine the sovereignty of the State, national security and public  interests.

Article 32   The State shall strengthen the implementation and application of its  laws and regulations in foreign-related fields in conformity with the  fundamental principles of international law and fundamental norms  governing international relations. The State shall take law enforcement,  judicial or other measures in accordance with the law to safeguard its  sovereignty, national security and development interests and protect the  lawful rights and interests of Chinese citizens and organizations.

Article 33   The People's Republic of China has the right to take, as called for,  measures to counter or take restrictive measures against acts that  endanger its sovereignty, national security and development interests in  violation of international law or fundamental norms governing  international relations.

The  State Council and its departments adopt administrative regulations and  departmental rules as necessary, establish related working institutions  and mechanisms, and strengthen inter-departmental coordination and  cooperation to adopt and enforce measures mentioned in the preceding  paragraph.

Decisions made pursuant to the first and second paragraphs of this Article are final.

Article 34   The People's Republic of China, on the basis of the one-China  principle, establishes and develops diplomatic relations with other  countries in accordance with the Five Principles of Peaceful  Coexistence.

The  People's Republic of China, in accordance with treaties and agreements  it concludes or accedes to as well as the fundamental principles of  international law and fundamental norms governing international  relations, may take diplomatic actions as necessary including changing  or terminating diplomatic or consular relations with a foreign country.

Article 35   The State takes steps to implement sanction resolutions and relevant  measures with binding force adopted by the United Nations Security  Council in accordance with Chapter VII of the Charter of the United  Nations.

The  Ministry of Foreign Affairs issues notices to release the sanction  resolutions and measures mentioned in the preceding paragraph. The  government departments concerned and the people's governments of  provinces, autonomous regions, and cities directly under central  government jurisdiction shall take actions to implement such sanction  resolutions and measures within the scope of their respective functions  and powers.

Organizations  and individuals in the Chinese territory shall comply with the notices  issued by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and related actions taken by  government departments and localities, and shall not engage in any  activity in violation of the above-mentioned sanction resolutions and  measures.

Article 36   The People's Republic of China confers privileges and immunities to  diplomatic institutions and officials of other countries, and to  international organizations and their officials in accordance with  relevant laws as well as treaties and agreements it concludes or accedes  to.

The People's  Republic of China confers immunities to foreign states and their  properties in accordance with relevant laws as well as treaties and  agreements it concludes or accedes to.

Article 37   The State shall take measures as necessary in accordance with the law  to protect the safety, security, and legitimate rights and interests of  Chinese citizens and organizations overseas and safeguard China's  overseas interests against any threat or infringement.

The State shall strengthen the systems and working mechanisms and build the capacity to protect its overseas interests.

Article 38   The People's Republic of China protects the lawful rights and interests  of foreign nationals and foreign organizations in its territory in  accordance with the law.

The  State has the power to permit or deny a foreign national entry, stay or  residence in its territory, and regulates, in accordance with the law,  activities carried out in its territory by foreign organizations.

Foreign  nationals and foreign organizations in the territory of China shall  abide by its laws, and shall not endanger China's national security,  undermine social and public interests or disrupt social and public  order.

Article 39   The People's Republic of China strengthens multilateral and bilateral  dialogue on the rule of law and promotes international exchanges and  cooperation on the rule of law.

The  People's Republic of China shall engage in international cooperation in  law enforcement and judicial fields with other countries and  international organizations in accordance with treaties and agreements  it concludes or accedes to or in line with the principles of equality  and reciprocity. 

The  State strengthens and expands its working mechanisms for international  cooperation in law enforcement, improves its systems and mechanisms for  judicial assistance, and promotes international cooperation in law  enforcement and judicial fields. The State strengthens international  cooperation in areas such as combating transnational crimes and  corruption.

Chapter V

Support for the Conduct of Foreign Relations

Article 40   The State shall improve its system of integrated support for conducting  foreign relations and strengthen its capacity to conduct foreign  relations and safeguard national interests.

Article 41   The State shall provide funding required for conducting foreign  relations and establish a funding mechanism that meets the need of  conducting foreign relations and is commensurate with China's economic  development.

Article 42   The State shall strengthen capacity building of personnel working in  foreign relations and take effective steps in related work such as  training, employment, management, service and support.

Article 43  The State shall promote public understanding of and support for its conduct of foreign relations through various forms.

Article 44   The State shall strengthen capacity building for international  communication, enable the world to learn more about and better  understand China, and promote exchanges and mutual learning between  different civilizations.

Chapter VI

Supplementary Provision

Article 45  This Law shall come into force on July 1, 2023.

                                         （转自外交部）